Magnolia extract containing compositions

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is a composition and method for its use that includes  Magnolia  bark extract,  Vitis vinifera  extract, tocopherol or tocopherol acetate, and hydrogenated lecithin, lecithin, or dextrin.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.15/816,175, filed Nov. 17, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 14/289,262, filed May 28, 2014 (U.S. Pat. No.9,844,503), which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.13/297,755, filed Nov. 16, 2011 (U.S. Pat. No. 8,758,839), which is acontinuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/706,557, filed Feb. 16,2010 (U.S. Pat. No. 8,084,066), which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 12/048,953, filed Mar. 14, 2008 (U.S. Pat. No.7,744,932), which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional ApplicationSer. No. 60/912,793, filed Apr. 19, 2007. The contents of theseapplications are incorporated into the present application by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to skin care compositions. Innon-limiting aspects, the compositions can be used to treat skinconditions such as telangiectasia, eye circles, and puffy eyes. Incertain embodiments, the compositions can include a Magnolia extract andcan be incorporated into cosmetic products.

B. Background of the Invention

Aging, chronic exposure to adverse environmental factors, malnutrition,fatigue, etc., can change the visual appearance, physical properties, orphysiological functions of skin in ways that are considered visuallyundesirable. Some notable changes include the appearance spider veins,eye circles (e.g., dark circles under the eye), and puffy eyes. Otherchanges include the development of aged or environmentally damaged skinwhich can include the appearance fine lines and wrinkles, loss ofelasticity, increased sagging, loss of firmness, loss of color evennessor tone, coarse surface texture, and mottled pigmentation. Less obvious,but measurable changes which occur as skin ages or endures chronicenvironmental insult include a general reduction in cellular and tissuevitality, reduction in cell replication rates, reduced cutaneous bloodflow, reduced moisture content, accumulated errors in structure andfunction, alterations in the normal regulation of common biochemicalpathways, and a reduction in the skin's ability to remodel and repairitself. Many of the alterations in appearance and function of the skinare caused by changes in the outer epidermal layer of the skin, whileothers are caused by changes in the lower dermis.

1. Spider Veins

Spider veins (i.e., telangiectasias or sunburst varicosities) are formedby the dilation of a small group of blood vessels located close to thesurface of the skin. Although they can appear anywhere on the body,spider veins are most commonly found on the face and legs. They can bevisible to the naked eye and typically appear as unsightly clusters ofred, blue or purple veins on the thighs, calves, and ankles of people.It is estimated that over half of the adult female population suffersfrom this cosmetic problem. Factors that can contribute to thedevelopment of spider veins include heredity, pregnancy, and otherevents that cause hormonal shifts, weight gain, occupations oractivities that require prolonged sitting or standing, and the use ofcertain medications.

Typical methods for treating spider veins is through cosmetic surgery(e.g., sclerotherapy, laser surgery, electrodesiccation, surgicalligation, and ambulatory phlebectomy). For instance, sclerotherapy is asurgical procedure where veins are injected with a sclerosing solution,which causes them to collapse and fade from view. Risks associated withsclerotherapy include the formation of blood clots in the veins, severeinflammation, adverse allergic reactions to the sclerosing solution, andskin injury that can lead to permanent scarring. Further, it is commonto develop irregular skin pigmentation in the treated areas (e.g.,brownish splotches) that can take several months to fade. Anotherproblem associated with sclerotherapy is “telangiectatic matting,” wherefine reddish blood vessels appear around the treated area, requiringfurther injections. Other surgical methods can have similar sideeffects.

2. Eye Circles and Puffy Eyes

The skin around the periorbital area (i.e., around the eyes) is thin anddelicate. Like all skin, the periorbital area is webbed with tinycapillaries. Blood sometimes leaks from these capillaries which cancause the appearance of dark circles under the eye. Other known causesdark under eye circles include UV exposure (e.g., exposure to the suncan increase natural melanin levels and draws the melanin to the surfaceof the skin, making it darker), aging (e.g., with age, the skin aroundthe eyes can become even thinner which makes dark under eye circlesbecome more pronounced), fatigue (being tired can make skin paler whichmakes dark circles look darker), allergies (e.g., allergic reactions cancause smudges in the under eye area and conditions that causes a personto rub their eyes can make dark circles worse because scratching orrubbing can darken the skin), pregnancy or menstruation (e.g., skinbecomes pale during pregnancy and menstruation which makes dark circleslook darker), and inadequate nutrition (e.g., lack of key nutrients suchas iron can cause dark under eye circles).

One method for treating under eye circles includes topical applicationof a composition having hydroquinone. Hydroquinone, however, can betoxic, and it may actually cause hyper-pigmentation and make the darkcircles darker. Cosmetic concealers can be used to hide the darkcircles. Unfortunately, the dark circles become visible again once theconcealer is removed. Chamomile has also been used, but can causeallergic reactions.

As for puffy eyes, this is a condition where the skin under the eyesswells which can be visually undesirable. Puffy eyes can be caused byseveral factors including increased vascularization, leaky capillaries,thinning/slackening skin which can fill up with more fluid, loss of thefat pad under the eye which can contribute to under eye bags, andallergies, dusts, and pollutants which can trigger a release ofchemicals thereby swelling the tissue around the eyes.

One method of treating puffy eyes includes washing the face with coldwater to reduce swelling. Other treatments include dietary restrictions(e.g., limiting the intake of salt), placing slices of cucumbers on theeyes, or placing tea bags in cold water and subsequently placing thebags on the eyes. These treatment options can be limiting in that theeffects can oftentimes be negligible or short-lived.

3. Aged or Environmentally Damaged Skin

Several different approaches have been used to treat damaged skin causedby aging, environmental factors, chemicals, or malnutrition. Oneapproach involves the use of specific agents to directly stimulate orinhibit selected biochemical targets. Examples include the use ofretinoids to stimulate collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis byfibroblasts (Schiltz, et al., 1986). Another approach is to use agentsor processes that stimulate the rate at which the epidermis replacesitself, a process known as epidermal cell renewal. Increases inepidermal cell renewal rates usually result from a more rapid rate ofreplication of epidermal basal cells, and can be caused by diversestimuli such as chemical or physical injury, adverse environmentalconditions, or direct stimulators of basal cell division.

Several of the above methods have been shown to have various drawbacks,such as significant irritation to the skin or skin toxicity. Inaddition, most of these methods involve the invocation of chronic damageto the skin, which sets up repair mechanisms. For most of the existingtreatments, there will be a period of time, up to several weeks ormonths, during which the skin becomes irritated and after whichtolerance sets in and the symptoms of irritation may decrease and/orcease.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides compositions and methods that can be usedto treat the appearance of a person's skin.

In one embodiment, there is disclosed a topical skin care compositionthat includes, consists essentially of, or consists of at least one ofthe following ingredients: Magnolia extract; honokiol, magnolol, Humuluslupulus extract, hesperidin methyl chalcone, gotu kola (Centellaasiatica extract), dipeptide valyl-tryptophane, palmitoyltetrapeptide-3, Corylus avellana bud extract, Cucumis sativa extract,Morus alba extract, Hibiscus sabdariffa flower extract, Vitis viniferaextract, ascorbyl glucoside, Citrus medica limonum extract, Avena sativakernel extract, hydrolyzed soy protein, aniseed myrtle extract, Tasmanialanceolata leaf extract, Artemisia abrotanum extract, Citrus grandisfruit extract, or apigenin. These ingredients can be isolated orpurified prior to their inclusion in a corresponding composition. It iscontemplated that compositions of the present invention can include atleast 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or more of these ingredients in anydifferent combination. The combination of ingredients can be formulatedinto blends and subsequently added to the composition. Non-limitingexamples of Magnolia species from which the Magnolia extract can beobtained include Magnolia acuminata, Magnolia ashei, Magnolia biondii,Magnolia cylindrica, Magnolia cambellii, Magnolia denudata, Magnoliafraseri, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia hypoleuca, Magnolia kobus,Magnolia hliiflora, Magnolia loegneri, Magnolia macrophylla, Magnoliaofficinalis, Magnolia pyramidata, Magnolia sargentiana, Magnoliaseiboldii, Magnolia soulangiana, Magnolia sprengeri, Magnolia stellata,Magnolia tripetala, Magnolia virginiana, Magnolia zenii, and Micheliafigo. In certain embodiments, the composition can include a Magnoliaextract and isolated or purified honokiol or magnolol or a combinationof all three. The Magnolia extract in particular embodiments is Magnoliabiondii extract. In other aspects, the composition can include Magnoliaextract and Humulus lupulus extract, Magnolia extract and hesperidinmethyl chalcone and gotu kola, Magnolia extract and dipeptidevalyl-tryptophane, Magnolia extract and palmitoyl tetrapeptide-3,Magnolia extract and Corylus avellana bud extract, Magnolia extract anda botanical blend comprising Cucumis sativa extract, Morus alba extract,Hibiscus sabdariffa flower extract, and Vitis vinifera extract, Magnoliaextract and ascorbyl glucoside, Citrus medica limonum extract, andCucumis sativa extract, Magnolia extract and a blend of Avena sativakernel extract, hydrolyzed soy protein, aniseed myrtle extract, Tasmanialanceolata leaf extract, and Hibiscus sabdariffa flower extract,Magnolia extract and Artemisia abrotanum extract, Magnolia extract andCitrus grandis fruit extract, or Magnolia extract and isolated orpurified apigenin. In certain aspects, the Citrus grandis fruit extractincludes at least 90% by weight of apigenin. The compositions can alsoinclude a cooling agent (e.g., an agent that provides a coolingsensation when applied to the skin. The cooling agent can be those knownin the art such as, for example, menthol or menthol derivatives (e.g.,menthyl lactate and menthone glycerin acetal).

In certain aspects, the compositions can be formulated to have a pH ofabout less than 4.0, or 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8,4.9, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2,6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6,7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9.0,9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 10.0, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3,10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.7, 10.8, 10.9, 11.0, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5,11.6, 11.7, 11.8, 11.9, to about 12.0, or more, or any range or integerderivable therein. In other aspects, the compositions can be formulatedinto a cosmetic product (e.g., skin cleanser, moisturizer, concealer,etc.). The composition can be comprised in a cosmetic vehicle (e.g., anemulsion, cream, lotion, solution, anhydrous base, gel, ointment, etc.).The composition can be in a dry, powdered, liquid, solid, semi-solid,spray, or aerosol form. It is contemplated that the compositions of thepresent invention can be used in combination with other cosmeticproducts (e.g., a composition of the present invention can be formulatedinto a concealer product which can be used in conjunction with afoundation product). The compositions can be formulated for applicationto skin at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or more times per day.

As described throughout this specification, the ingredients incompositions of the present invention can be present within thecompositions in a variety of amounts. The amounts can be measured bytotal weight or volume of the composition. By way of example only, aningredient can be included into the composition at 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01,0.1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55,60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99%, or more, or any rangeor integer derivable therein, by weight or volume of the totalcomposition. In certain aspects, Magnolia extract can be in acomposition from about 0.1% to about 10.0% by weight. The ratio of anyingredient within the composition when compared to another ingredientcan be from about 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1,11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1, 20:1, 21:1, 22:1,23:1, 24:1, 25:1, 26:1, 27:1, 28:1, 29:1, 30:1, 31:1, 32:1, 33:1, 34:1,35:1, 36:1, 37:1, 38:1, 39:1, 40:1, 50:1, 60:1, 70:1, 80:1, 90:1, 100:1,or more or any number derivable therein, by weight or volume of thetotal composition. In other aspects, the ratio of any ingredient withinthe composition when compared to another ingredient can be from about1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14,1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:26,1:27, 1:28, 1:29, 1:30, 1:31, 1:32, 1:33, 1:34, 1:35, 1:36, 1:37, 1:38,1:39, 1:40, 1:50, 1:60, 1:70, 1:80, 1:90, 1:100, or more or any numberderivable therein, by weight or volume of the total composition.

It is also contemplated that the viscosity of the composition can beselected to achieve a desired result (e.g., depending on the type ofcomposition desired, the viscosity of such composition can be from about1 cps to well over 1 million cps or any range or integer derivabletherein (e.g., 2 cps, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70,80, 90, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 2000, 3000,4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000, 9000, 10000, 20000, 30000, 40000, 50000,60000, 70000, 80000, 90000, 100000, 200000, 300000, 400000, 500000,600000, 700000, 800000, 900000, 1000000 cps, etc.).

The compositions of the present invention can include additionalingredients that can be included into cosmetic or pharmaceuticalcompositions. As explained throughout this specification, non-limitingexamples of additional ingredients can include essential oils, volatile,and non-volatile oils, thickening agents, surfactants, preservatives,silicone containing compounds, absorbents, adsorbents, chelating agents,lubricants, solvents, moisturizers (including, e.g., emollients,humectants, film formers, occlusive agents, and agents that affect thenatural moisturization mechanisms of the skin), water repellents,anti-oxidants, UV absorbers, anti-irritants, anti-microbial agents, dyesand color ingredients, or structuring agents, or any combinationthereof.

In other aspects of the present invention, there is disclosed a methodof treating a skin condition, comprising topically applying an effectiveamount of a composition of the present invention to skin. Topicalapplication of the composition can treat or prevent such a skincondition. The effectiveness of the composition can be compared withskin that has not been treated with a composition of the presentinvention. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the skin treatment canbe localized to and/or around an area where the composition is appliedto the skin. The skin can be facial, torso, back, neck, ear, pelvic,arms, hands, legs (e.g., ankle, knee, thigh), feet, or buttocks skin.For instance, topical application of a composition to , wherein topicalapplication of the composition treats the skin condition. Non-limitingexamples of skin conditions that can be treated or prevented withcompositions of the present invention include telangiectasia (i.e.,spider veins), eye circles (e.g., dark circles under the eye), puffyeyes, pruritus, lentigo, age spots, senile purpura, keratosis, melasma,blotches, wrinkles, fine lines, nodules, sun damaged skin, dermatitis(including, but not limited to seborrheic dermatitis, nummulardermatitis, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, exfoliativedermatitis, perioral dermatitis, and stasis dermatitis), psoriasis,folliculitis, rosacea, acne, impetigo, erysipelas, erythrasma, eczema,or hyperpigmentation. In certain aspects, the skin condition can becaused by exposure to UV light, age, irradiation, chronic sun exposure,environmental pollutants, air pollution, wind, cold, heat, chemicals,disease pathologies, or smoking. The skin to be treated can be aged,nutritionally compromised, or environmentally damaged skin. In certainaspects, the composition can be topically applied in an amount effectiveto increase the stratum corneum turnover rate of the skin, collagensynthesis production of the skin, fat production of the skin, firmnessof the skin, or elasticity of the skin. In other aspects, thecomposition can be topically applied in an amount effective to reduce orinhibit new capillary formation in or near the skin, blood flow to theskin, fluid amount in or near the skin, or melanin production in theskin.

Also disclosed are kits that can include a composition of the presentinvention. In certain non-limiting aspects, the composition is comprisedin a container. The container can be a bottle, dispenser, package, etc.The container can be configured to dispense a pre-determined amount ofthe composition. The container can be configured to dispense thecomposition in a semi-solid, liquid, spray, or an aerosol form. Incertain aspects, the kit can include indicial on its surface and/orinstructions for using the composition.

In other aspects of the present invention, the composition can be usedas part of a regimen to treat a skin condition. For instance, theregimen can include applying a composition of the present invention in afirst instance as disclosed throughout this specification. The regimencan then include additional applications that are identical, similar, ordifferent than the first instance application. The additionalapplications can include, for example, a second, third, fourth, fifth,sixth, seventh, eighth, nine, tenth, or more applications with acomposition of the present invention and/or whether another method fortreating a particular skin condition (e.g., other compositions,surgeries, etc.).

It is contemplated that any embodiment discussed in this specificationcan be implemented with respect to any method or composition of theinvention, and vice versa. Furthermore, compositions of the inventioncan be used to achieve methods of the invention.

The terms “inhibiting,” “reducing,” or “prevention,” or any variation ofthese terms, when used in the claims and/or the specification includesany measurable decrease or complete inhibition to achieve a desiredresult.

The term “effective,” as that term is used in the specification and/orclaims, means adequate to accomplish a desired, expected, or intendedresult.

The use of the word “a” or “an” when used in conjunction with the term“comprising” in the claims and/or the specification may mean “one,” butit is also consistent with the meaning of “one or more,” “at least one,”and “one or more than one.”

The terms “about” or “approximately” are defined as being close to asunderstood by one of ordinary skill in the art, and in one non-limitingembodiment the terms are defined to be within 10%, within 5%, within 1%,and in certain aspects within 0.5%.

The use of the term “or” in the claims is used to mean “and/or” unlessexplicitly indicated to refer to alternatives only or the alternativesare mutually exclusive, although the disclosure supports a definitionthat refers to only alternatives and “and/or.”

As used in this specification and claim(s), the words “comprising” (andany form of comprising, such as “comprise” and “comprises”), “having”(and any form of having, such as “have” and “has”), “including” (and anyform of including, such as “includes” and “include”) or “containing”(and any form of containing, such as “contains” and “contain”) areinclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, unrecitedelements or method steps.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention willbecome apparent from the following detailed description. It should beunderstood, however, that the detailed description and the examples,while indicating specific embodiments of the invention, are given by wayof illustration only. Additionally, it is contemplated that changes andmodifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will becomeapparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

In today's image conscious society, people are continually looking for aproduct that can improve the visual appearance of their skin. The skin'sappearance can be affected in a negative way from skin conditions. Forinstance, spider veins (i.e., telangiectasias or sunburst varicosities)can appear on a person's skin (e.g., face, thighs, calves, ankles, arms,torso, buttocks, etc.) as unsightly clusters of red, blue or purpleveins. Under eye circles and puffy eyes can appear as dark circles andswelling around the periorbital area, respectively. Additionally, agedor environmentally damaged skin which can include the appearance finelines and wrinkles, loss of elasticity, increased sagging, loss offirmness, loss of color evenness or tone, coarse surface texture, andmottled pigmentation.

In one aspect, the present invention provides compositions and methodsfor treating skin conditions. In one non-limiting embodiment, thecompositions of the present invention can be used to treat spider veins,eye circles, puffy eyes, or environmentally damaged skin by topicallyapplying a composition of the present invention to an area of the skinthat needs such treatment. As noted throughout this specification, thecompositions can include at least one or any combination of thefollowing ingredients: Magnolia extract; honokiol, magnolol, Humuluslupulus extract, hesperidin methyl chalcone, gotu kola, dipeptidevalyl-tryptophane, palmitoyl tetrapeptide-3, Corylus avellana budextract, Cucumis sativa extract, Morus alba extract, Hibiscus sabdariffaflower extract, Vitis vinifera extract, ascorbyl glucoside, Citrusmedica limonum extract, Avena sativa kernel extract, hydrolyzed soyprotein, aniseed myrtle extract, Tasmania lanceolata leaf extract,Artemisia abrotanum extract, Citrus grandis fruit extract, or apigenin.These and other non-limiting aspects of the present invention aredescribed in further detail in the following sections.

A. Ingredients

The following subsections provide non-limiting examples of ingredientsthat can be included into compositions of the present invention. Thecompositions can include any one of the following ingredients or acombination of such ingredients. It is contemplated that otheringredients can also be incorporated into the compositions. Further, aperson of ordinary skill in the art would recognize that the ingredientsare commercially available, can be chemically synthesized, or can beisolated or purified by known methods from sources that includes suchingredients.

1. Magnolia Extract

In certain non-limiting embodiments, the compositions of the presentinvention can include a Magnolia extract. The Magnolia extract can beobtained or derived from a variety of sources from a Magnolia plant(e.g., flower, bark, seed cone, etc.). In general, Magnolia is a largegenus of about 210 flowering plant species in the subfamilyMagnoliodieae of the family Magnoliaceae. Magnolia extract can beobtained from the species within the Magnoliaceae family. Non-limitingexamples of these species include Magnolia acuminata, Magnolia ashei,Magnolia biondii, Magnolia cylindrica, Magnolia cambellii, Magnoliadenudata, Magnolia fraseri, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia hypoleuca,Magnolia kobus, Magnolia hliiflora, Magnolia loegneri, Magnoliamacrophylla, Magnolia officinalis, Magnolia pyramidata, Magnoliasargentiana, Magnolia seiboldii, Magnolia soulangiana, Magnoliasprengeri, Magnolia stellata, Magnolia tripetala, Magnolia virginiana,Magnolia zenii, and Michelia figo. A more complete listing of thespecies within the Magnoliaceae family can be found in Figlar &Nooteboom (2004), which is incorporated by reference.

Magnolia extract can reduce the blood flow near the skin surface thougha variety of ways (e.g., vasoconstriction, inhibition of angiogenesis,endothelial cell migration, or tube formation in or near the skin areathat has been contacted with a composition containing Magnolia extract).Active ingredients that have been identified in Magnolia flower, bark,and seed cone extracts include magnolol, dihydroxydihdromagnolol,honokiol, and dihydrohonokiol. These are polyphenolic containingcompounds in which honokiol is an isomer of magnolol.

Magnolia extracts are commercial available from a variety of differentsources. For instance Magnolia extracts can be purchased from Carrubba,Inc. (Milford, Conn.), Arcadia Herbs & Alternatives (Langhorne, Pa.),and Herbal Extracts Plus (Croydon, Pa.). Alternatively, a person ofordinary skill in the art would be able to isolate Magnolia extract fromthe Magnolia flower, bark, or seed cone by using any suitable isolationand purification methods known in the art (see e.g., Bai et al. (2003).

2. Honokiol and Magnolol

The compositions of the present invention can include honokiol ormagnolol or both. As noted above, these are biphenolic containingcompounds in which honokiol is an isomer of magnolol. These compoundscan be useful in reducing the blood flow near the skin surface through avariety of mechanisms (e.g., vasoconstriction, inhibition ofangiogenesis, endothelial cell migration, or tube formation in or nearthe skin area that has been contacted with a composition containinghonokiol or magnolol). The chemical structures of these compounds areillustrated below:

Honokiol and magnolol can be isolated or purified from Magnolia extracts(e.g., flower, bark, and seed cone extracts) or other extracts thatinclude such compounds by standard techniques. Alternatively, thesecompounds are commercially available (e.g., Wako Chemical Company(Tokyo, Japan)) or can be synthesized using convention chemicalsynthesis techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art (see,e.g., Vollhardt and Schore, 1994).

3. Chemical Compounds and Extracts

The compositions of the present invention can include Humulus lupulusextract, gotu kola (Centella asiatica extract), hesperidin methylchalcone, dipeptide valyl-tryptophane, palmitoyl tetrapeptide-3, Corylusavellana bud extract, Cucumis sativa extract, Morus alba extract,Hibiscus sabdariffa flower extract, Vitis vinifera extract, ascorbylglucoside, Citrus medica limonum extract, Avena sativa kernel extract,hydrolyzed soy protein, aniseed myrtle extract, Tasmania lanceolata leafextract, Artemisia abrotanum extract, Citrus grandis fruit extract, orapigenin or any combination or mixture of such ingredients.

For instance, Humulus lupulus extract, or hops extract, can be used toreduce blood flow near the skin surface though the vasoconstriction,inhibition of angiogenesis, inhibition of endothelial cell migration ortube formation in or near the skin area that has been contacted with acomposition containing hops extract. Hops extract is commerciallyavailable through a variety of sources (e.g., Actives International(Allendale, N.J.)) and can also be isolated or purified from Humuluslupulus plants by standard isolation and purification techniques.Non-limiting examples of varieties of Humulus lupulus from which hopsextract can be obtained include Humulus lupulus var. Lupulus, Humuluslupulus var. cordifolius, Humulus lupulus var. lupuloides (syn. H.americanus), Humulus lupulus var. neomexicanus, and Humulus lupulus var.pubescens. Humulus lupulus extract includes active ingredients such ashumulene and lupulene.

Gotu kola (Centella asiatica) extract is a vine-like plant that isnative to India and Southeast Asia. This ingredient can be used tostrengthen capillary micro vessel barrier which can improve the overallfunction of blood vessels (e.g., efficient or improved bloodcirculation) in or near the skin area that has been contacted with acomposition containing Gotu kola extract. Gotu kola extract iscommercially available through a variety of sources (e.g., Naturex(South Hackensack, N.J.)) and can also be isolated or purified from Gotukola containing plants by standard isolation and purificationtechniques. Gotu kola extract contains active ingredients such asasiaticoside (a triterpene glycoside) (triterpenoid), brahmoside andbrahminoside (both saponin glycosides), madecassoside (a glycoside withanti-inflammatory properties), madecassic acid, thiamine, riboflavin,pyridoxine, vitamin K, asparate, glutamate, serine, threonine, alanine,lysine, histidine, magnesium, calcium and sodium.

Hesperidin methyl chalcone, dipeptide valyl-tryptophane (i.e.,dipeptide-2 which comprises valine and tryptophan), and palmitoyltetrapeptide-3 (which is the reaction product of palmitic acid and asynthetic peptide containing glycine, glutamine, proline, and arginine)can also be included in compositions of the present invention.Hesperidin, a bioflavonoid which can be found in Citrus peel such as thepeel of sweet oranges (Citrus aurantium var. sinensis), can be convertedinto hesperidin methyl chalcone by extracting hesperidin from its sourceand placing the extract into an alkaline solution. This convertshesperidin into hesperidin chalcone which can subsequently be methylatedby any known methylation process to produce hesperidin methyl chalcone.Hesperidin methyl chalcone can strengthen capillary micro vessel barrierin or near skin area that has been contacted with a compositionincluding this ingredient. Dipetide valyl-tryptophane, which iscommercially available under the trade name DIPEPTIDE VW™ throughSederma SAS (Cedex, France), can be used to mobilize fluid in skintissue and drain the fluid from such tissue (which can reduce puffyeyes) when applied to the skin. Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-3, which iscommercially available under the trade name N-PALMITOYL RIGIN™ throughSederma SAS (Cedex, France), can reduce local inflammation in skintissue and restore skin firmness and elasticity when applied to skin.Further, a blend of these three ingredients is also commerciallyavailable under the trade name EYELISS™ through Dermaxime (Gauteng,South Africa).

Corylus (Hazel) extract can moisturize skin and can be used to mobilizefluid in skin tissue and drain the fluid from such tissue (which canreduce puffy eyes) when applied to the skin. The extract can be obtainedfrom the bud, flower, leaves, nut, bark, etc. from the Hazel plant.Hazel extract is commercially available through a variety of sources(e.g., Mountain Rose Herbs, Eugene, Oreg.) and can also be isolated orpurified from Hazel plants by standard isolation and purificationtechniques. Non-limiting examples of species of which Hazel extract canbe obtained include Corylus americana, Corylus avellana, Coryluschinensis, Corylus colurna, Corylus cornuta, Corylus ferox, Corylusheterophylla, Corylus jacquemontii, Corylus maxima, Corylus sieboldiana,and Corylus tibetica.

Cucumis sativa (Cucumber) extract, Morus alba extract, Hibiscussabdariffa flower extract, and Vitis vinifera extract can be used in tobrighten or even skin tone by inhibiting tyrosinase activity whenapplied to the skin. These ingredients are commercially availablethrough a variety of sources and can also be isolated or purified fromplants containing these extracts by standard isolation and purificationtechniques. In certain non limiting aspects, a blend of theseingredients can be used to obtain brighter or more even skin tone. Sucha blend is commercially available under the trade name CLERILYS™ throughGreenTech SA (Saint Beauzire, France).

Ascorbyl glucoside can also be used to brighten or even skin tone byinhibiting tyrosinase activity when applied to the skin. Ascorbylglucoside is a derivative of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) that includes anattached glucose sugar. In an ascorbyl glucoside molecule, typically,the glucose is typically attached at an OH group of ascorbic acid. Thefollowing is a non-limiting example of one form of ascorbyl glucoside,ascorbic acid-2 glucoside:

Other non-limiting examples of ascorbyl glucoside include ascorbic acid1-glucoside (including 1-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid and1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid), ascorbic acid 2-glucoside(including 2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid and2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid), ascorbic acid 3-glucoside(including 3-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid or3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid), ascorbic acid 5-glucoside(including 5-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid or5-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid), and ascorbic acid 6-glucoside(including 6-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid or6-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid). Ascorbyl glucoside iscommercially available (e.g., Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories,Inc.). The preparation of ascorbyl glucoside is also known in the art(see, e.g. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,084,563; 5,252,722; 5,272,136; 5,388,420;5,432,161; 5,843,907; and 5,508,391).

The compositions of the present invention can include an extractformulation comprising Cucumis sativa (Cucumber) extract and Citrusmedica limonum (Lemon). Such a formulation can be used to brighten oreven skin tone by inhibiting tyrosinase activity when applied to theskin. Such a formulation is commercially available under the trade nameUNINONTAN U34™ through Chesham Chemicals, Ltd. (United Kingdom).Ingredients with the UNINONTAN U34™ formulation include cucumber extract(Cucumis sativus) (15.0%), lemon extract (Citrus medica limonum)(16.0%), sodium citrate (20.0%), propylene glycol (23.5%), and water(25.5%).

Non-limiting examples of anti-irritants and anti-oxidants that can beincluded in the compositions of the present invention include Avenasativa (Oat) extract, hydrolyzed soy protein, aniseed myrtle extract,Tasmania lanceolata leaf extract, and Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle)flower extract, or any combination or mixture of such ingredients. Theseingredients are commercially available through a variety of sources andcan also be isolated or purified from plants containing these extractsby standard isolation and purification techniques. For instance, acomposition comprising Oat extract is commercially available under thetrade name DRAGO CALM™ through Symrise (Holzminden, Germany). Hydrolyzedsoy protein is commercially available under the trade name AQUA PRO SP™through MGP Ingredients, Inc. (Atchison, Kans.). A blend of Anetholeaanisata (aniseed myrtle) extract, Tasmania lanceolota (Tasmanianmountain pepperberry) leaf extract, and Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle)flower extract is commercially available under the trade name MOUNTAINHARVEST™ through Southern Cross Botanicals (Knockrow, Australia).

Artemisia abrotanum (Southernwood) extract can stimulate adipogenesisand aid in the protection of the fat pad under the eye. This can bebeneficial in combating fine lines and wrinkles and thinning/slackeningskin. Southernwood extract is commercially available under the tradename PULPACTYL™ through Silab (Cedex, France) and can also be isolatedor purified from plants containing these extracts by standard isolationand purification techniques.

Citrus grandis (Grapefruit) peel extract has anti-hyaluronidase,anti-angiogenesis, anti-and inflammatory properties when applied toskin. This ingredient can be used as a soothing agent for acute orchronic inflammation and can help repair skin damaged from excessive UVexposure. An active ingredient in Grapefruit extract is Apigenin.Grapefruit extract is commercially available under the trade nameVIAPURE CITRUS™ through Actives International (Allendale, N.J.) and canalso be isolated or purified from plants containing these extracts bystandard isolation and purification techniques.

4. Cosmetic Ingredients

Compositions of the present invention can include other ingredients.Non-limiting examples of additional ingredients that can be added tocosmetic formulations can be found in the International CosmeticIngredient Dictionary, 10th Ed., 2004, which is incorporated byreference. Such ingredients include surfactants, preservatives,absorbents, adsorbents, chelating agents, lubricants, solvents,moisturizers (including, e.g., emollients, humectants, film formers,occlusive agents, and agents that affect the natural moisturizationmechanisms of the skin), water repellents, anti-oxidants, UV absorbers,anti-irritants, vitamins, trace metals, anti-microbial agents, dyes andcolor ingredients, and/or structuring agents (see, e.g., McCutcheon'sFunctional Materials North American Edition 2001 and McCutcheon'sEmulsifiers & Detergents North American Edition 2001; U.S. Pat. No.6,290,938).

a. Surfactants

The compositions of the present invention can also comprise one or moresurfactants. Surfactants can reduce the in interfacial tension betweenphases and improve the formulation and stability of a formulation. Thesurfactants can be nonionic, cationic, anionic, cryptoanionic, andzwitterionic emulsifiers (See McCutcheon's Emulsifiers & Detergents(2001); U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,011,681; 4,421,769; 3,755,560, 6,117,915).Non-limiting examples include esters of glycerin, esters of propyleneglycol, fatty acid esters of polyethylene glycol, fatty acid esters ofpolypropylene glycol, esters of sorbitol, esters of sorbitan anhydrides,carboxylic acid copolymers, esters and ethers of glucose, ethoxylatedethers, ethoxylated alcohols, alkyl phosphates, polyoxyethylene fattyether phosphates, fatty acid amides, acyl lactylates, soaps, TEAstearate, DEA oleth-3 phosphate, polyethylene glycol 20 sorbitanmonolaurate (polysorbate 20), polyethylene glycol 5 soya sterol,steareth-2, steareth-20, steareth-21, ceteareth-20, PPG-2 methyl glucoseether distearate, ceteth-10, cetyl phosphate, potassium cetyl phosphate,diethanolamine cetyl phosphate, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 60,polysorbate 80, glyceryl stearate, PEG-100 stearate, tyloxapol, andmixtures thereof.

b. Preservatives

Non-limiting examples of preservatives that can be used in the contextof the present invention include quaternary ammonium preservatives suchas polyquaternium-1 and benzalkonium halides (e.g., benzalkoniumchloride (“BAC”) and benzalkonium bromide), parabens (e.g.,methylparabens and propylparabens), phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol,chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, thimerosal or combinations thereof.

c. Moisturizers

Non-limiting examples of moisturizers include amino acids, chondroitinsulfate, diglycerin, erythritol, fructose, glucose, glycerin, glycerolpolymers, glycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, honey, hyaluronic acid,hydrogenated honey, hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, inositol, lactitol,maltitol, maltose, mannitol, natural moisturizing factor, PEG-15butanediol, polyglyceryl sorbitol, salts of pyrollidone carboxylic acid,potassium PCA, propylene glycol, sodium glucuronate, sodium PCA,sorbitol, sucrose, trehalose, urea, and xylitol.

Other examples include acetylated lanolin, acetylated lanolin alcohol,acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, acrylates copolymer,alanine, algae extract, Aloe barbadensis, Aloe-Barbadensis extract, Aloebarbadensis gel, Althea officinalis extract, aluminum starchoctenylsuccinate, aluminum stearate, apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kerneloil, arginine, arginine aspartate, Arnica montana extract, ascorbicacid, ascorbyl palmitate, aspartic acid, avocado (Persea gratissima)oil, barium sulfate, barrier sphingolipids, butyl alcohol, beeswax,behenyl alcohol, beta-sitosterol, BHT, birch (Betula alba) bark extract,borage (Borago officinalis) extract, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol,butcherbroom (Ruscus aculeatus) extract, butylene glycol, calendulaofficinalis extract, calendula officinalis oil, candelilla (Euphorbiacerifera) wax, canola oil, caprylic/capric triglyceride, cardamon(Elettaria cardamomum) oil, carnauba (Copernicia cerifera) wax,carrageenan (Chondrus crispus), carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil,castor (Ricinus communis) oil, ceramides, ceresin, ceteareth-5,ceteareth-12, ceteareth-20, cetearyl octanoate, ceteth-20, ceteth-24,cetyl acetate, cetyl octanoate, cetyl palmitate, chamomile (Anthemisnobilis) oil, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, cholesterylhydroxystearate, citric acid, clary (Salvia sclarea) oil, cocoa(Theobroma cacao) butter, coco-caprylate/caprate, coconut (Cocosnucifera) oil, collagen, collagen amino acids, corn (Zea mays) oil,fatty acids, decyl oleate, dextrin, diazolidinyl urea, dimethiconecopolyol, dimethiconol, dioctyl adipate, dioctyl succinate,dipentaerythrityl hexacaprylate/hexacaprate, DMDM hydantoin, DNA,erythritol, ethoxydiglycol, ethyl linoleate, eucalyptus globulus oil,evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) oil, fatty acids, tructose,gelatin, geranium maculatum oil, glucosamine, glucose glutamate,glutamic acid, glycereth-26, glycerin, glycerol, glyceryl distearate,glyceryl hydroxystearate, glyceryl laurate, glyceryl linoleate, glycerylmyristate, glyceryl oleate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl stearate SE,glycine, glycol stearate, glycol stearate SE, glycosaminoglycans, grape(Vitis vinifera) seed oil, hazel (Corylus americana) nut oil, hazel(Corylus avellana) nut oil, hexylene glycol, honey, hyaluronic acid,hybrid safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil, hydrogenated castor oil,hydrogenated coco-glycerides, hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenatedlanolin, hydrogenated lecithin, hydrogenated palm glyceride,hydrogenated palm kernel oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenatedtallow glyceride, hydrogenated vegetable oil, hydrolyzed collagen,hydrolyzed elastin, hydrolyzed glycosaminoglycans, hydrolyzed keratin,hydrolyzed soy protein, hydroxylated lanolin, hydroxyproline,imidazolidinyl urea, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, isocetyl stearate,isocetyl stearoyl stearate, isodecyl oleate, isopropyl isostearate,isopropyl lanolate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropylstearate, isostearamide DEA, isostearic acid, isostearyl lactate,isostearyl neopentanoate, jasmine (Jasminum officinale) oil, jojoba(Buxus chinensis) oil, kelp, kukui (Aleurites moluccana) nut oil,lactamide MEA, laneth-16, laneth-10 acetate, lanolin, lanolin acid,lanolin alcohol, lanolin oil, lanolin wax, lavender (Lavandulaangustifolia) oil, lecithin, lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil, linoleicacid, linolenic acid, Macadamia ternifolia nut oil, magnesium stearate,magnesium sulfate, maltitol, matricaria (Chamomilla recutita) oil,methyl glucose sesquistearate, methylsilanol PCA, microcrystalline wax,mineral oil, mink oil, mortierella oil, myristyl lactate, myristylmyristate, myristyl propionate, neopentyl glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate,octyldodecanol, octyldodecyl myristate, octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate,octyl hydroxystearate, octyl palmitate, octyl salicylate, octylstearate, oleic acid, olive (Olea europaea) oil, orange (Citrusaurantium dulcis) oil, palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil, palmitic acid,pantethine, panthenol, panthenyl ethyl ether, paraffin, PCA, peach(Prunus persica) kernel oil, peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil, PEG-8 C12-18ester, PEG-15 cocamine, PEG-150 distearate, PEG-60 glyceryl isostearate,PEG-5 glyceryl stearate, PEG-30 glyceryl stearate, PEG-7 hydrogenatedcastor oil, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-60 hydrogenated castoroil, PEG-20 methyl glucose sesquistearate, PEG40 sorbitan peroleate,PEG-5 soy sterol, PEG-10 soy sterol, PEG-2 stearate, PEG-8 stearate,PEG-20 stearate, PEG-32 stearate, PEG40 stearate, PEG-50 stearate,PEG-100 stearate, PEG-150 stearate, pentadecalactone, peppermint (Menthapiperita) oil, petrolatum, phospholipids, polyamino sugar condensate,polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, polyquaternium-24, polysorbate 20,polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 80, polysorbate 85,potassium myristate, potassium palmitate, potassium sorbate, potassiumstearate, propylene glycol, propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate,propylene glycol dioctanoate, propylene glycol dipelargonate, propyleneglycol laurate, propylene glycol stearate, propylene glycol stearate SE,PVP, pyridoxine dipalmitate, quaternium-15, quaternium-18 hectorite,quaternium-22, retinol, retinyl palmitate, rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil,RNA, rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) oil, rose oil, sage (Salviaofficinalis) oil, salicylic acid, sandalwood (Santalum album) oil,serine, serum protein, sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil, shea butter(Butyrospermum parkii), silk powder, sodium chondroitin sulfate, sodiumhyaluronate, sodium lactate, sodium palmitate, sodium PCA, sodiumpolyglutamate, sodium stearate, soluble collagen, sorbic acid, sorbitanlaurate, sorbitan oleate, sorbitan palmitate, sorbitan sesquioleate,sorbitan stearate, sorbitol, soybean (Glycine soja) oil, sphingolipids,squalane, squalene, stearamide MEA-stearate, stearic acid, stearoxydimethicone, stearoxytrimethylsilane, stearyl alcohol, stearylglycyrrhetinate, stearyl heptanoate, stearyl stearate, sunflower(Helianthus annuus) seed oil, sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis)oil, synthetic beeswax, tocopherol, tocopheryl acetate, tocopheryllinoleate, tribehenin, tridecyl neopentanoate, tridecyl stearate,triethanolamine, tristearin, urea, vegetable oil, water, waxes, wheat(Triticum vulgare) germ oil, and ylang ylang (Cananga odorata) oil.

d. Emollients

Examples of emollients include, but are not limited to, vegetable oils,mineral oils, silicone oils, synthetic and natural waxes, medium chaintriglycerides, petrolatum, lanolin, aluminum magnesium hydroxidestearate (which can also function as a water repellent), and fatty acidesters. Non-limiting examples of vegetable oils include safflower oil,corn oil, sunflower seed oil, and olive oil.

e. Antioxidants

Examples of antioxidants include, but are not limited to, acetylcysteine, ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid polypeptide, ascorbyldipalmitate, ascorbyl methylsilanol pectinate, ascorbyl palmitate,ascorbyl stearate, BHA, BHT, t-butyl hydroquinone, cysteine, cysteineHCl, diamylhydroquinone, di-t-butylhydroquinone, dicetylthiodipropionate, dioleyl tocopheryl methylsilanol, disodium ascorbylsulfate, distearyl thiodipropionate, ditridecyl thiodipropionate,dodecyl gallate, erythorbic acid, esters of ascorbic acid, ethylferulate, ferulic acid, gallic acid esters, hydroquinone, isooctylthioglycolate, kojic acid, magnesium ascorbate, magnesium ascorbylphosphate, methylsilanol ascorbate, natural botanical anti-oxidants suchas green tea or grape seed extracts, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, octylgallate, phenylthioglycolic acid, potassium ascorbyl tocopherylphosphate, potassium sulfite, propyl gallate, quinones, rosmarinic acid,sodium ascorbate, sodium bisulfite, sodium erythorbate, sodiummetabisulfite, sodium sulfite, superoxide dismutase, sodiumthioglycolate, sorbityl furfural, thiodiglycol, thiodiglycolamide,thiodiglycolic acid, thioglycolic acid, thiolactic acid, thiosalicylicacid, tocophereth-5, tocophereth-10, tocophereth-12, tocophereth-18,tocophereth-50, tocopherol, tocophersolan, tocopheryl acetate,tocopheryl linoleate, tocopheryl nicotinate, tocopheryl succinate, andtris(nonylphenyl)phosphite.

f. Compounds Having Ultraviolet Light Absorbing Properties

Non-limiting examples of compounds that have ultraviolet light absorbingproperties that can be used with the compounds of the present inventioninclude benzophenone, benzophenone-1, benzophenone-2, benzophenone-3,benzophenone-4 benzophenone-5, benzophenone-6, benzophenone-7,benzophenone-8, benzophenone-9, benzophenone-10, benzophenone-11,benzophenone-12, benzyl salicylate, butyl PABA, cinnamate esters,cinoxate, DEA-methoxycinnamate, diisopropyl methyl cinnamate, ethyldihydroxypropyl PABA, ethyl diisopropylcinnamate, ethylmethoxycinnamate, ethyl PABA, ethyl urocanate, glyceryl octanoatedimethoxycinnamate, glyceryl PABA, glycol salicylate, homosalate,isoamyl p-methoxycinnamate, PABA, PABA esters, Parsol 1789,isopropylbenzyl salicylate, and octyl methoxycinnamate.

g. Structuring Agents

In other non-limiting aspects, the compositions of the present inventioncan include a structuring agent. Structuring agent, in certain aspects,assist in providing rheological characteristics to the composition tocontribute to the composition's stability. In other aspects, structuringagents can also function as an emulsifier or surfactant. Non-limitingexamples of structuring agents include stearic acid, palmitic acid,stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, stearic acid, palmiticacid, the polyethylene glycol ether of stearyl alcohol having an averageof about 1 to about 21 ethylene oxide units, the polyethylene glycolether of cetyl alcohol having an average of about 1 to about 5 ethyleneoxide units, and mixtures thereof. Other non-limiting examples can befound in International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 10th edition,2004, which is incorporated by reference.

h. Silicone Containing Compounds

In non-limiting aspects, silicone containing compounds include anymember of a family of polymeric products whose molecular backbone ismade up of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms with side groupsattached to the silicon atoms. By varying the —Si—O— chain lengths, sidegroups, and cross linking, silicones can be synthesized into a widevariety of materials. They can vary in consistency from liquid to gel tosolids.

The silicone containing compounds that can be used in the context of thepresent invention include those described in this specification or thoseknown to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Non-limiting examplesinclude silicone oils (e.g., volatile and non-volatile oils), gels, andsolids. In certain aspects, the silicon containing compounds includes asilicone oils such as a polyorganosiloxane. Non-limiting examples ofpolyorganosiloxanes include dimethicone, cyclomethicone,polysilicone-11, phenyl trimethicone, trimethylsilylamodimethicone,stearoxytrimethylsilane, or mixtures of these and other organosiloxanematerials in any given ratio in order to achieve the desired consistencyand application characteristics depending upon the intended application(e.g., to a particular area such as the skin, hair, or eyes). A“volatile silicone oil” includes a silicone oil have a low heat ofvaporization, i.e. normally less than about 50 cal per gram of siliconeoil. Non-limiting examples of volatile silicone oils include:cyclomethicones such as Dow Corning 344 Fluid, Dow Corning 345 Fluid,Dow Corning 244 Fluid, and Dow Corning 245 Fluid, Volatile Silicon 7207(Union Carbide Corp., Danbury, Conn.); low viscosity dimethicones, i.e.,dimethicones having a viscosity of about 50 cst or less (e.g.,dimethicones such as Dow Corning 200-0.5 cst Fluid). The Dow CorningFluids are available from Dow Corning Corporation, Midland, Mich.Cyclomethicone and dimethicone are described in International CosmeticIngredient Dictionary, 10th edition, 2004, which is incorporated byreference as cyclic dimethyl polysiloxane compounds and a mixture offully methylated linear siloxane polymers end-blocked withtrimethylsiloxy units, respectively. Other non-limiting volatilesilicone oils that can be used in the context of the present inventioninclude those available from General Electric Co., Silicone ProductsDiv., Waterford, N.Y. and SWS Silicones Div. of Stauffer Chemical Co.,Adrian, Mich.

i. Essential Oils

Essential oils include oils derived from herbs, flowers, trees, andother plants. Such oils are typically present as tiny droplets betweenthe plant's cells, and can be extracted by several method known to thoseof skill in the art (e.g., steam distilled, enfleurage (i.e., extractionby using fat), maceration, solvent extraction, or mechanical pressing).When these types of oils are exposed to air they tend to evaporate(i.e., a volatile oil). As a result, many essential oils are colorless,but with age they can oxidize and become darker. Essential oils areinsoluble in water and are soluble in alcohol, ether, fixed oils(vegetal), and other organic solvents. Typical physical characteristicsfound in essential oils include boiling points that vary from about 160°to 240° C. and densities ranging from about 0.759 to about 1.096.

Essential oils typically are named by the plant from which the oil isfound. For example, rose oil or peppermint oil are derived from rose orpeppermint plants, respectively. Non-limiting examples of essential oilsthat can be used in the context of the present invention include sesameoil, macadamia nut oil, tea tree oil, evening primrose oil, Spanish sageoil, Spanish rosemary oil, coriander oil, thyme oil, pimento berriesoil, rose oil, anise oil, balsam oil, bergamot oil, rosewood oil, cedaroil, chamomile oil, sage oil, clary sage oil, clove oil, cypress oil,eucalyptus oil, fennel oil, sea fennel oil, frankincense oil, geraniumoil, ginger oil, grapefruit oil, jasmine oil, juniper oil, lavender oil,lemon oil, lemongrass oil, lime oil, mandarin oil, marjoram oil, myrrhoil, neroli oil, orange oil, patchouli oil, pepper oil, black pepperoil, petitgrain oil, pine oil, rose otto oil, rosemary oil, sandalwoodoil, spearmint oil, spikenard oil, vetiver oil, wintergreen oil, orylang ylang. Other essential oils known to those of skill in the art arealso contemplated as being useful within the context of the presentinvention.

j. Thickening Agents

Thickening agents, including thickener or gelling agents, includesubstances which that can increase the viscosity of a composition.Certain thickeners can increase the viscosity of a composition withoutsubstantially modifying the efficacy of the active ingredient within thecomposition. Thickeners can also increase the stability of thecompositions of the present invention.

Non-limiting examples of thickening agents that can be used in thecontext of the present invention include hydrogenated polyisobutene ortrihydroxystearin or combination of both. Other examples includecarboxylic acid polymers, crosslinked polyacrylate polymers,polyacrylamide polymers, polysaccharides, and gums. Examples ofcarboxylic ac id polymers include crosslinked compounds containing oneor more monomers derived from acrylic acid, substituted acrylic acids,and salts and esters of these acrylic acids and the substituted acrylicacids, wherein the crosslinking agent contains two or more carbon-carbondouble bonds and is derived from a polyhydric alcohol (see U.S. Pat.Nos. 5,087,445; 4,509,949; 2,798,053; CTFA International CosmeticIngredient Dictionary, Tenth Edition, 2004). Examples of commerciallyavailable carboxylic acid polymers include carbomers, which arehomopolymers of acrylic acid crosslinked with allyl ethers of sucrose orpentaerytritol (e.g., Carbopol™ 900 series from B. F. Goodrich).

Non-limiting examples of crosslinked polyacrylate polymers includecationic and nonionic polymers. Examples are described in U.S. Pat. Nos.5,100,660; 4,849,484; 4,835,206; 4,628,078; 4,599,379.

Non-limiting examples of polyacrylamide polymers (including nonionicpolyacrylamide polymers including substituted branched or unbranchedpolymers) include polyacrylamide, isoparaffin and laureth-7, multi-blockcopolymers of acrylamides and substituted acrylamides with acrylic acidsand substituted acrylic acids.

Non-limiting examples of polysaccharides include cellulose,carboxymethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, cellulose acetate propionatecarboxylate, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose,hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methylhydroxyethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium cellulosesulfate, and mixtures thereof. Another example is an alkyl substitutedcellulose where the hydroxy groups of the cellulose polymer ishydroxyalkylated (e.g., hydroxy ethylated or hydroxypropylated) to forma hydroxyalkylated cellulose which is then further modified with aC10-C30 straight chain or branched chain alkyl group through an etherlinkage. Typically these polymers are ethers of C10-C30 straight orbranched chain alcohols with hydroxyalkylcelluloses. Other usefulpolysaccharides include scleroglucans comprising a linear chain of (1-3)linked glucose units with a (1-6) linked glucose every three unit.

Non-limiting examples of gums that can be used with the presentinvention include acacia, agar, algin, alginic acid, ammonium alginate,amylopectin, calcium alginate, calcium carrageenan, carnitine,carrageenan, dextrin, gelatin, gellan gum, guar gum, guarhydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hectorite, hyaluroinic acid, hydratedsilica, hydroxypropyl chitosan, hydroxypropyl guar, karaya gum, kelp,locust bean gum, natto gum, potassium alginate, potassium carrageenan,propylene glycol alginate, sclerotium gum, sodium carboyxmethyl dextran,sodium carrageenan, tragacanth gum, xanthan gum, and mixtures thereof.

k. Additional Ingredients

Non-limiting examples of additional compounds and agents that can beused with the compositions of the present invention include, vitamins(e.g., D, E, A, K, and C), trace metals (e.g., zinc, calcium andselenium), anti-irritants (e.g., steroids and non-steroidalanti-inflammatories), botanical extracts (e.g. Aloe vera, chamomile,cucumber extract, Ginkgo biloba, ginseng, and rosemary), dyes and coloringredients (e.g., D&C blue no. 4, D&C green no. 5, D&C orange no. 4,D&C red no. 17, D&C red no. 33, D&C violet no. 2, D&C yellow no. 10, D&Cyellow no. 11 and DEA-cetyl phosphate), emollients (i.e., organicesters, fatty acids, lanolin and its derivatives, plant and animal oilsand fats, and di- and triglycerides), antimicrobial agents (e.g.,triclosan and ethanol), and fragrances (natural and artificial).

B. Source of Ingredients

The ingredients of the compositions of the present invention can beobtained by any means known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Ina non-limiting embodiment, for example, the ingredients can be isolatedby obtaining the source of such ingredient. In many instances, theingredients are also commercially available as explained above. Forexample, Magnolia extracts can be obtained through any number ofcompanies including Carrubba, Inc. (Milford, Conn.), Arcadia Herbs &Alternatives (Langhorne, Pa.), and Herbal Extracts Plus (Croydon, Pa.).Additionally, the compounds, agents, and active ingredients can bepurified by any number of techniques known to a person of ordinary skillin the art. Non-limiting examples of purification techniques includePolyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, High Performance LiquidChromatography (HPLC), Gel chromatography or Molecular SieveChromatography, and Affinity Chromatography. In other aspects, thecompounds, agents, and active ingredients can be obtained by chemicalsynthesis or by recombinant means by using conventional techniques. See,for example, Stewart and Young, (1984); Tam et al., (1983); Merrifield,(1986); and Barany and Merrifield (1979), Houghten (1985).

C. Modifications and Derivatives

Modifications or derivatives of the ingredients disclosed throughoutthis specification are also contemplated as being useful with themethods and compositions of the present invention. Derivatives may beprepared and the properties of such derivatives may be assayed for theirdesired properties by any method known to those of skill in the art.

In certain aspects, “derivative” refers to a chemically modifiedcompound that still retains the desired effects of the compound prior tothe chemical modification. Such derivatives may have the addition,removal, or substitution of one or more chemical moieties on the parentmolecule. Non limiting examples of the types modifications that can bemade to the compounds and structures disclosed throughout this documentinclude the addition or removal of lower alkanes such as methyl, ethyl,propyl, or substituted lower alkanes such as hydroxymethyl oraminomethyl groups; carboxyl groups and carbonyl groups; hydroxyls;nitro, amino, amide, and azo groups; sulfate, sulfonate, sulfono,sulfhydryl, sulfonyl, sulfoxido, phosphate, phosphono, phosphorylgroups, and halide substituents. Additional modifications can include anaddition or a deletion of one or more atoms of the atomic framework, forexample, substitution of an ethyl by a propyl; substitution of a phenylby a larger or smaller aromatic group. Alternatively, in a cyclic orbicyclic structure, hetero atoms such as N, S, or O can be substitutedinto the structure instead of a carbon atom.

D. Equivalents

Known and unknown equivalents to the ingredients discussed throughoutthis specification and claims can be used with the compositions andmethods of the present invention. The equivalents can be used assubstitutes for any given ingredient in a composition of the presentinvention. The equivalents can also be used to add to the methods andcompositions of the present invention. A person of ordinary skill in theart would be able to recognize and identify acceptable known and unknownequivalents to the ingredients without undue experimentation.

E. Compositions of the Present Invention

A person of ordinary skill would recognize that the compositions of thepresent invention can include any number of combinations of theingredients discussed throughout this specification. It is alsocontemplated that that the concentrations of the ingredients can vary.In non-limiting embodiments, for example, the compositions may includein their final form, for example, at least about 0.0001%, 0.0002%,0.0003%, 0.0004%, 0.0005%, 0.0006%, 0.0007%, 0.0008%, 0.0009%, 0.0010%,0.0011%, 0.0012%, 0.0013%, 0.0014%, 0.0015%, 0.0016%, 0.0017%, 0.0018%,0.0019%, 0.0020%, 0.0021%, 0.0022%, 0.0023%, 0.0024%, 0.0025%, 0.0026%,0.0027%, 0.0028%, 0.0029%, 0.0030%, 0.0031%, 0.0032%, 0.0033%, 0.0034%,0.0035%, 0.0036%, 0.0037%, 0.0038%, 0.0039%, 0.0040%, 0.0041%, 0.0042%,0.0043%, 0.0044%, 0.0045%, 0.0046%, 0.0047%, 0.0048%, 0.0049%, 0.0050%,0.0051%, 0.0052%, 0.0053%, 0.0054%, 0.0055%, 0.0056%, 0.0057%, 0.0058%,0.0059%, 0.0060%, 0.0061%, 0.0062%, 0.0063%, 0.0064%, 0.0065%, 0.0066%,0.0067%, 0.0068%, 0.0069%, 0.0070%, 0.0071%, 0.0072%, 0.0073%, 0.0074%,0.0075%, 0.0076%, 0.0077%, 0.0078%, 0.0079%, 0.0080%, 0.0081%, 0.0082%,0.0083%, 0.0084%, 0.0085%, 0.0086%, 0.0087%, 0.0088%, 0.0089%, 0.0090%,0.0091%, 0.0092%, 0.0093%, 0.0094%, 0.0095%, 0.0096%, 0.0097%, 0.0098%,0.0099%, 0.0100%, 0.0200%, 0.0250%, 0.0275%, 0.0300%, 0.0325%, 0.0350%,0.0375%, 0.0400%, 0.0425%, 0.0450%, 0.0475%, 0.0500%, 0.0525%, 0.0550%,0.0575%, 0.0600%, 0.0625%, 0.0650%, 0.0675%, 0.0700%, 0.0725%, 0.0750%,0.0775%, 0.0800%, 0.0825%, 0.0850%, 0.0875%, 0.0900%, 0.0925%, 0.0950%,0.0975%, 0.1000%, 0.1250%, 0.1500%, 0.1750%, 0.2000%, 0.2250%, 0.2500%,0.2750%, 0.3000%, 0.3250%, 0.3500%, 0.3750%, 0.4000%, 0.4250%, 0.4500%,0.4750%, 0.5000%, 0.5250%, 0.0550%, 0.5750%, 0.6000%, 0.6250%, 0.6500%,0.6750%, 0.7000%, 0.7250%, 0.7500%, 0.7750%, 0.8000%, 0.8250%, 0.8500%,0.8750%, 0.9000%, 0.9250%, 0.9500%, 0.9750%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%,1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%,2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3.0%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.6%, 3.7%,3.8%, 3.9%, 4.0%, 4.1%, 4.2%, 4.3%, 4.4%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 4.9%,5.0%, 5.1%, 5.2%, 5.3%, 5.4%, 5.5%, 5.6%, 5.7%, 5.8%, 5.9%, 6.0%, 6.1%,6.2%, 6.3%, 6.4%, 6.5%, 6.6%, 6.7%, 6.8%, 6.9%, 7.0%, 7.1%, 7.2%, 7.3%,7.4%, 7.5%, 7.6%, 7.7%, 7.8%, 7.9%, 8.0%, 8.1%, 8.2%, 8.3%, 8.4%, 8.5%,8.6%, 8.7%, 8.8%, 8.9%, 9.0%, 9.1%, 9.2%, 9.3%, 9.4%, 9.5%, 9.6%, 9.7%,9.8%, 9.9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%,22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%,65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% or more, or any range orinteger derivable therein, of at least one of the ingredients mentionedthroughout the specification and claims. In non-limiting aspects, thepercentage can be calculated by weight or volume of the totalcomposition. A person of ordinary skill in the art would understand thatthe concentrations can vary depending on the desired effect of thecomposition and/or on the product into which the composition isincorporated into.

F. Cosmetic Vehicles

The compositions of the present invention can be incorporated in avariety of different vehicles. Non-limiting examples of suitablevehicles include emulsions (e.g., oil/water emulsion, an oil/water/oilemulsion, a water/oil emulsion, a water/oil/water emulsion, awater/silicone emulsion, a water/silicone/water emulsion, asilicone/water emulsion, a silicone/water/silicone emulsion, a water/waxemulsion, or an oil/water/silicone emulsion), creams, lotions, solutions(both aqueous and hydro-alcoholic), anhydrous bases (e.g., lipsticks andpowders), gels, ointments, serums, liquids, fluids, non-aerosol sprays,aerosol sprays, non-aerosol foams, aerosol foams or by other method orany combination of the forgoing as would be known to one of ordinaryskill in the art (Remington's, 1990). Variations and other appropriatevehicles will be apparent to the skilled artisan and are appropriate foruse in the present invention. In certain aspects, it is important thatthe concentrations and combinations of ingredients be selected in such away that the combinations are chemically compatible and do not formcomplexes which precipitate from the finished product.

G. Cosmetic Products

The composition of the present invention can also be used in manycosmetic products including, but not limited to, concealers,foundations, sunscreen products, sunless skin tanning products,moisturizing creams, skin benefit creams and lotions, softeners, daylotions, gels, ointments, night creams, lipsticks, cleansers, toners,masks, hair products, finger nail products, and other known cosmeticproducts or applications.

H. Kits

Kits are also contemplated as being used in certain aspects of thepresent invention. For instance, compositions of the present inventioncan be included in a kit. A kit can include a container. Containers caninclude a bottle, a metal tube, a laminate tube, a plastic tube, adispenser, a pressurized container, a barrier container, a package, acompartment, a lipstick container, a compact container, cosmetic pansthat can hold cosmetic compositions (e.g., foundations), or other typesof containers such as injection or blow-molded plastic containers intowhich the dispersions or compositions or desired bottles, dispensers, orpackages are retained. The kit and/or container can include indicia onits surface. The indicia, for example, can be a word, a phrase, anabbreviation, a picture, or a symbol.

The containers can dispense a pre-determined amount of the composition.In other embodiments, the container can be squeezed (e.g., metal,laminate, or plastic tube) to dispense a desired amount of thecomposition. The composition can be dispensed as a spray, an aerosol, aliquid, a fluid, or a semi-solid. The containers can have spray, pump,or squeeze mechanisms. A kit can also include instructions for employingthe kit components as well the use of any other dispersions orcompositions included in the container. Instructions can include anexplanation of how to apply, use, and maintain the products,dispersions, or compositions.

EXAMPLES

The following examples are included to demonstrate certain non-limitingaspects of the invention. It should be appreciated by those of skill inthe art that the techniques disclosed in the examples which followrepresent techniques discovered by the inventor to function well in thepractice of the invention. However, those of skill in the art should, inlight of the present disclosure, appreciate that many changes can bemade in the specific embodiments which are disclosed and still obtain alike or similar result without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe invention.

Example 1

A non-limiting example of a composition of the present invention isdescribed in Table 1. This composition is a cream that can be topicallyapplied to skin.

TABLE 1* Phase Ingredient % Concentration by weight A Water 66.70Disodium EDTA 0.10 Dimethicone 1.00 Butylene glycol 1.50 BPolysorbate-20 0.50 Menthyl lactate 0.20 C HDI/trimethylol hexyllactoneC 5.00 Polyacrylamide C13-14 Isopr 2.25 Silicone HL88 1.00 HispagelOil/LV 4.00 D Ascorbyl glucoside 0.10 Clerilys 0.50 Sodium citrate andlemon extract 0.10 Magnolia biondii flower extract 2.00 MountainHarvest ™ 0.50 Hydrolyzed soy protein 2.00 Centella asiatica extract1.00 Citrus grandis (grapefruit) peel 0.50 Humulus lupulus (hops)extract 0.50 Eyeliss 1.50 Corylus avellana (hazel) bud extract 1.00Dermochlorella D 1.00 Avena sativa (oat) kernal extract 1.50 Artemisiaabrotanum extract 4.00 E Diazolidinyl urea 0.20 Iodo propynylbutylcarbamate 0.10 Natural extract blend 33137* 0.25 Total 100.0 *TheNatural extract blend contains 6.3% Citrus Tangerina (tangerine)extract, 63.7% Citrus aurantium dulcis (orange) peel extract, and 30%phenoxyethanol (preservative).

The following non-limiting procedure was used to prepare the compositionin Table 1. All Phase A ingredients were added to water in a main vesseland dispersed by propeller and sweep mixing. The mixture was heated to55-60° C. and while mixing. In a separate vessel, the Phase Bingredients were heated to 55-60° C. or until the solids melted. ThePhase B mixture was added to the main vessel and mixed for approximatelyfifteen (15) minutes. The heat source was removed. The Phase Cingredients were added to the main vessel in the order listed in Table 1while mixing. Before the Phase D ingredients were added, the mixtureresembled a smooth, thick, white cream. The Phase D ingredients wereadded to the main vessel at approximately 50° C. while mixing (note thatthe Phase D ingredients can be made into a slurry prior to adding to themain vessel, if needed). As the Phase D ingredients are added, themixture will thin back down and turn a yellow shade. The Phase Eingredients are then added at 40-45° C. Mixing is continued as themixture is cooled to 30-35° C.

Example 2

Testing Parameters of the Table 1 Composition: The efficacy of thecomposition in Table 1 was tested on human skin. The composition wastested on one-hundred and twenty three (123) women (“panelists”) havingthe following characteristics: (a) ½ of the women were between the agesof 32 to 45 and ½ were between 46 to 60 years of age; (b) ⅓ of the womenhad dry/dry to normal skin, ⅓ had normal skin and ⅓ had combinationskin/oily skin; (c) 80% of the women had noticeably mild/moderate “undereye puffiness;” and (d) 50% of the women used a facial concealer product3 or more times a week. A summary of the panelists' skin conditions isin Table 2. The composition was applied to the under eye skin area twicea day (once in the morning and evening) for a total of fourteen (14)days. The panelists filled out questionnaires that inquired into thetactile properties and efficacy of the composition.

TABLE 2 (Panelist Skin Conditions) AGE SKIN TYPE^(@) SKIN TONE Total35-45 46-60 Dry Normal Oily Light Medium Dark Base: Total Respondents(123)  (57) (66) (41) (38) (44)  (49)^(@) (50)  (24)^(@) % % % % % % % %% Crow's Feet 55 37 71 59 61 48 53 60 50 Dark Circles 100  100  100 100  100  100  100  100  100  Mild 69 83 58 66 66 75 61 74 75 Moderate31 17 42 34 34 25 39 26 25 Undereye Puffiness 85 77 92 85 87 84 84 86 88Mild 64 68 61 63 66 64 55 68 75 Moderate 21  9 31 22 21 20 29 18 13

Results of the Table 1 Composition: The panelists' responses aresummarized in the following Tables 3-16. The responses in Table 3concern the tactile properties and efficacy of the compositionimmediately after application to the skin.

TABLE 3 (Immediately After Application) Number of Claim Attribute*Respondents % Agree % Disagree Is easy to apply 123 98 2 Is lightweight122 98 2 Leaves a soft afterfeel 123 96 4 My regular eye cream applieseasily over the test product 118 96 4 My regular foundation applieseasily over the test product 117 96 4 Does not feel oily/greasy duringapplication 123 93 7 Provides a cooling sensation upon application 11992 8 Does not leave an oily/greasy afterfeel 123 91 9 Leaves a smoothafterfeel 121 90 10 Is suitable for my skin type 121 90 10 Has asilky-smooth texture 121 87 13 Absorbs quickly 122 84 16 Provides acooling sensation that lasts a few minutes 122 82 18 Visibly reducesappearance of undereye puffiness 115 56 44 immediately after applicationVisibly minimizes appearance of undereye puffiness 115 50 50 immediatelyafter application Visibly minimizes appearance of dark circles 118 49 51immediately after application Visibly reduces appearance of dark circles117 44 56 immediately after application *Excluding “does not apply tome/don't know”

The panelists' responses in Table 4 concern the efficacy of thecomposition after two weeks of use.

TABLE 4 (After Two Weeks of Use) Number of Claim Attribute* Respondents% Agree % Disagree Freshens my eye area 121 88 12 Softens appearance ofundereye puffiness 115 80 20 Rejuvenates eye area 120 78 22 Visiblyminimizes appearance of undereye puffiness 112 75 25 Leaves eye areawith a rested look 119 75 25 Softens appearance of dark circles 118 7426 Improves appearance of undereye puffiness 114 74 26 Visibly reducesappearance of undereye puffiness 113 73 27 Revitalizes eye area 122 7327 Diminishes appearance of undereye puffiness 112 70 30 Softensappearance of undereye sagginess 102 70 30 Visibly minimizes appearanceof dark circles 118 69 31 Leaves eye area looking younger 121 69 31Improves appearance of dark circles 118 68 32 Brightens up eye area 12168 32 Visibly reduces appearance of dark circles 117 66 34 Improvesappearance of undereye sagginess 103 66 34 Leaves eye area lookingvibrant 120 66 34 Diminishes appearance of dark circles 118 64 36Visibly reduces appearance of undereye sagginess 102 63 37 Visiblyminimizes appearance of undereye sagginess 102 61 39 Diminishesappearance of undereye sagginess 103 56 44

The responses in Table 5 concern the tactile properties and efficacy ofthe composition immediately after application to the skin. The responsesare organized by panelist age.

TABLE 5 (Age--Immediately After Application) Immediately AfterApplication - “% Agree” AGE 32-45 46-60 % % Is easy to apply 97 99 Islightweight 96 99 Leaves a soft afterfeel 93 99 My regular eye creamapplies easily over the test product 93 98 My regular foundation applieseasily over the test product 91 100 Does not feel oily/greasy duringapplication 90 96 Provides a cooling sensation upon application 91 94Does not leave an oily/greasy afterfeel 90 92 Leaves a smooth afterfeel88 92 Is suitable for my skin type 90 91 Has a silky-smooth texture 9183 Absorbs quickly 84 85 Provides a cooling sensation that lasts a fewminutes 73 89 Visibly reduces appearance of undereye puffiness 55 57immediately after application Visibly minimizes appearance of undereyepuffiness 46 51 immediately after application Visibly minimizesappearance of dark circles 45 53 immediately after application Visiblyreduces appearance of dark circles 38 49 immediately after application

The panelists' responses in Table 6 concern the efficacy of thecomposition after two weeks of use. The responses are organized bypanelist age.

TABLE 6 (Age--After Two Weeks of Use) Two Weeks After Use - “% Agree”AGE 32-45 46-60 % % Dark Circles Visibly minimizes appearance of darkcircles 73 65 Improves appearance of dark circles 67 68 Visibly reducesappearance of dark circles 66 66 Diminishes appearance of dark circles71 59 Softens appearance of dark circles 80 68 Puffiness Softensappearance of undereye puffiness 83 77 Visibly minimizes appearance ofundereye 73 77 puffiness Improves appearance of undereye puffiness 77 71Visibly reduces appearance of undereye 74 72 puffiness Diminishesappearance of undereye puffiness 71 69 Saggy Skin Softens appearance ofundereye sagginess 71 68 Improves appearance of undereye sagginess 63 68Visibly reduces appearance of undereye 59 66 sagginess Visibly minimizesappearance of undereye 59 63 sagginess Diminishes appearance of undereyesagginess 52 60 General Appearance Of Eye Area Freshens my eye area 8789 Rejuvenates eye area 84 72 Leaves eye area with a rested look 76 73Revitalizes eye area 75 71 Leaves eye area looking younger 75 63Brightens up eye area 71 65 Leaves eye area looking vibrant 68 64

The panelists' responses in Table 7 concern the tactile properties andefficacy of the composition immediately after application to the skin.The responses are organized by panelists who have mild/moderate undereye puffiness and panelists who do not have under eye puffiness.

TABLE 7 (Under Eye Puffiness--Immediately After Application) ImmediatelyAfter Application - “% Agree” UNDEREYE PUFFINESS Have Mild/ Do NotModerate Have Undereye Undereye Puffiness Puffiness % % Is easy to apply97 100 Is lightweight 98 94 Leaves a soft afterfeel 96 94 My regular eyecream applies easily over the 97 88 test product My regular foundationapplies easily over the 97 89 test product Does not feel oily/greasyduring application 94 89 Provides a cooling sensation upon 92 94application Does not leave an oily/greasy afterfeel 92 83 Leaves asmooth afterfeel 90 89 Is suitable for my skin type 90 89 Has asilky-smooth texture 85 100 Absorbs quickly 85 83 Provides a coolingsensation that lasts a few 85 65 minutes Visibly reduces appearance ofundereye 58 41 puffiness immediately after application Visibly minimizesappearance of undereye 52 33 puffiness immediately after applicationVisibly minimizes appearance of dark circles 49 50 immediately afterapplication Visibly reduces appearance of dark circles 44 39 immediatelyafter application

The panelists' responses in Table 8 concern the efficacy of thecomposition after two weeks of use. The responses are organized bypanelists who have mild/moderate under eye puffiness and panelists whodo not have under eye puffiness.

TABLE 8 (Undereye Puffiness--After Two Weeks of Use) Two Weeks AfterUse - “% Agree” UNDEREYE PUFFINESS Have Mild/ Do Not Moderate HaveUndereye Undereye Puffiness Puffiness % % Dark Circles Visibly minimizesappearance of dark circles 66 83 Improves appearance of dark circles 6583 Visibly reduces appearance of dark circles 64 78 Diminishesappearance of dark circles 63 72 Softens appearance of dark circles 7189 Puffiness Softens appearance of undereye puffiness 78 93 Visiblyminimizes appearance of undereye 72 93 puffiness Improves appearance ofundereye puffiness 72 87 Visibly reduces appearance of undereye 69 93puffiness Diminishes appearance of undereye puffiness 68 80 Saggy SkinSoftens appearance of undereye sagginess 68 83 Improves appearance ofundereye sagginess 63 85 Visibly reduces appearance of undereye 60 85sagginess Visibly minimizes appearance of undereye 57 85 sagginessDiminishes appearance of undereye 54 69 sagginess General Appearance OfEye Area Freshens my eye area 89 88 Rejuvenates eye area 75 94 Leaveseye area with a rested look 74 82 Revitalizes eye area 70 89 Leaves eyearea looking younger 66 83 Brightens up eye area 66 78 Leaves eye arealooking vibrant 64 78

The panelists' responses in Table 9 concern the tactile properties andefficacy of the composition immediately after application to the skin.The responses are organized by panelists who have mild dark circlesunder the eye and panelists who do not have mild dark circles under theeye.

TABLE 9 (Dark Circles--Immediately After Application) Immediately AfterApplication - “% Agree” DARK CIRCLES Mild Moderate % % Is easy to apply98 97 Is lightweight 98 97 Leaves a soft afterfeel 97 95 My regular eyecream applies easily over the 95 97 test product My regular foundationapplies easily over the 94 100 test product Does not feel oily/greasyduring application 93 92 Provides a cooling sensation upon application94 90 Does not leave an oily/greasy afterfeel 89 95 Leaves a smoothafterfeel 93 84 Is suitable for my skin type 91 89 Has a silky-smoothtexture 91 78 Absorbs quickly 86 82 Provides a cooling sensation thatlasts a few 82 82 minutes Visibly reduces appearance of undereye 60 46puffiness immediately after application Visibly minimizes appearance ofundereye 54 39 puffiness immediately after application Visibly minimizesappearance of dark circles 52 43 immediately after application Visiblyreduces appearance of dark circles 44 42 immediately after application

The panelists' responses in Table 10 concern the efficacy of thecomposition after two weeks of use. The responses are organized bypanelists who have mild dark circles under the eye and panelists who donot have mild dark circles under the eye.

TABLE 10 (Dark Circles--After Two Weeks of Use) Two Weeks After Use - “%Agree” DARK CIRCLES Mild Moderate % % Dark Circles Visibly minimizesappearance of dark circles 70 66 Improves appearance of dark circles 6966 Visibly reduces appearance of dark circles 67 63 Diminishesappearance of dark circles 68 58 Softens appearance of dark circles 7668 Puffiness Softens appearance of undereye puffiness 80 81 Visiblyminimizes appearance of undereye 74 77 puffiness Improves appearance ofundereye puffiness 75 71 Visibly reduces appearance of undereye 73 71puffiness Diminishes appearance of undereye puffiness 74 59 Saggy SkinSoftens appearance of undereye sagginess 74 60 Improves appearance ofundereye sagginess 69 60 Visibly reduces appearance of undereye 64 60sagginess Visibly minimizes appearance of undereye 63 57 sagginessDiminishes appearance of undereye sagginess 58 53 General Appearance OfEye Area Freshens my eye area 88 90 Rejuvenates eye area 77 78 Leaveseye area with a rested look 72 81 Revitalizes eye area 74 71 Leaves eyearea looking younger 68 71 Brightens up eye area 66 71 Leaves eye arealooking vibrant 66 65

The panelists' responses in Table 11 concern the tactile properties andefficacy of the composition immediately after application to the skin.The responses are organized by panelists who use a concealer product andpanelists who do not use a concealer product.

TABLE 11 (Concealer Use--Immediately After Application) ImmediatelyAfter Application - “% Agree” USE OF CONCEALER Use Do Not Use ConcealerConcealer % % Is easy to apply 97 98 Is lightweight 96 100 Leaves a softafterfeel 94 98 My regular eye cream applies easily over the 99 92 testproduct My regular foundation applies easily over the 99 92 test productDoes not feel oily/greasy during application 94 91 Provides a coolingsensation upon application 89 96 Does not leave an oily/greasy afterfeel93 89 Leaves a smooth afterfeel 85 96 Is suitable for my skin type 93 87Has a silky-smooth texture 88 85 Absorbs quickly 84 85 Provides acooling sensation that lasts a few 81 83 minutes Visibly reducesappearance of undereye 58 53 puffiness immediately after applicationVisibly minimizes appearance of undereye 52 47 puffiness immediatelyafter application Visibly minimizes appearance of dark circles 55 42immediately after application Visibly reduces appearance of dark circles47 39 immediately after application

The panelists' responses in Table 12 concern the efficacy of thecomposition after two weeks of use. The responses are organized bypanelists who use a concealer product and panelists who do not use aconcealer product.

TABLE 12 (Concealer Use--After Two Weeks of Use) Two Weeks After Use -“% Agree” USE OF CONCEALER Use Do Not Use Concealer Concealer % % DarkCircles Visibly minimizes appearance of dark circles 72 65 Improvesappearance of dark circles 72 63 Visibly reduces appearance of darkcircles 69 62 Diminishes appearance of dark circles 66 63 Softensappearance of dark circles 78 69 Puffiness Softens appearance ofundereye puffiness 87 71 Visibly minimizes appearance of undereye 81 67puffiness Improves appearance of undereye puffiness 79 67 Visiblyreduces appearance of undereye 80 63 puffiness Diminishes appearance ofundereye puffiness 75 62 Saggy Skin Softens appearance of undereyesagginess 78 59 Improves appearance of undereye sagginess 75 55 Visiblyreduces appearance of undereye 71 52 sagginess Visibly minimizesappearance of undereye 69 50 sagginess Diminishes appearance of undereyesagginess 66 43 General Appearance Of Eye Area Freshens my eye area 9185 Rejuvenates eye area 82 71 Leaves eye area with a rested look 84 64Revitalizes eye area 81 62 Leaves eye area looking younger 74 62Brightens up eye area 75 58 Leaves eye area looking vibrant 72 58

The panelists' responses in Table 13 concern the tactile properties andefficacy of the composition immediately after application to the skin.The responses are organized by panelists who have dry, normal, and oilyskin.

TABLE 13 (Skin Type--Immediately After Application) Immediately AfterApplication - “% Agree” SKIN TYPE Dry Normal Oily % % % Is easy to apply100 97 96 Is lightweight 95 97 100 Leaves a soft afterfeel 98 95 96 Myregular eye cream applies easily over the 95 97 95 test product Myregular foundation applies easily over the 95 97 96 test product Doesnot feel oily/greasy during application 95 90 93 Provides a coolingsensation upon application 98 92 88 Does not leave an oily/greasyafterfeel 90 92 91 Leaves a smooth afterfeel 88 90 93 Is suitable for myskin type 88 94 89 Has a silky-smooth texture 95 79 86 Absorbs quickly85 82 86 Provides a cooling sensation that lasts a few 93 76 77 minutesVisibly reduces appearance of undereye 58 44 64 puffiness immediatelyafter application Visibly minimizes appearance of undereye 63 39 46puffiness immediately after application Visibly minimizes appearance ofdark circles 55 35 56 immediately after application Visibly reducesappearance of dark circles 51 37 43 immediately after application

The panelists' responses in Table 14 concern the efficacy of thecomposition after two weeks of use. The responses are organized bypanelists who have dry, normal, and oily skin.

TABLE 14 (Skin Type--After Two Weeks of Use) Two Weeks After Use - “%Agree” SKIN TYPE Dry Normal Oily % % % Dark Circles Visibly minimizesappearance of dark circles 63 67 76 Improves appearance of dark circles68 64 71 Visibly reduces appearance of dark circles 66 58 73 Diminishesappearance of dark circles 66 53 73 Softens appearance of dark circles68 69 83 Puffiness Softens appearance of undereye puffiness 73 80 87Visibly minimizes appearance of undereye 70 77 78 puffiness Improvesappearance of undereye puffiness 68 80 74 Visibly reduces appearance ofundereye 68 77 73 puffiness Diminishes appearance of undereye puffiness68 71 70 Saggy Skin Softens appearance of undereye sagginess 64 69 77Improves appearance of undereye sagginess 61 69 69 Visibly reducesappearance of undereye 58 66 65 sagginess Visibly minimizes appearanceof undereye 58 66 58 sagginess Diminishes appearance of undereyesagginess 58 51 59 General Appearance Of Eye Area Freshens my eye area85 90 91 Rejuvenates eye area 73 78 81 Leaves eye area with a restedlook 73 75 76 Revitalizes eye area 73 74 72 Leaves eye area lookingyounger 59 68 79 Brightens up eye area 71 61 71 Leaves eye area lookingvibrant 63 65 69

The panelists' responses in Table 15 concern the tactile properties andefficacy of the composition immediately after application to the skin.The responses are organized by panelists who have light, medium, anddark skin tones.

TABLE 15 (Skin Tone--Immediately After Application) Immediately AfterApplication - “% Agree” SKIN TONE* Light Medium Dark % % % Is easy toapply 98 96 100 Is lightweight 98 96 100 Leaves a soft afterfeel 96 94100 My regular eye cream applies easily over the 96 98 91 test productMy regular foundation applies easily over the 96 98 91 test product Doesnot feel oily/greasy during application 94 94 88 Provides a coolingsensation upon application 96 91 88 Does not leave an oily/greasyafterfeel 90 94 88 Leaves a smooth afterfeel 88 92 92 Is suitable for myskin type 88 94 88 Has a silky-smooth texture 85 90 83 Absorbs quickly81 88 83 Provides a cooling sensation that lasts a few 86 78 83 minutesVisibly reduces appearance of undereye 57 52 61 puffiness immediatelyafter application Visibly minimizes appearance of undereye 53 50 42puffiness immediately after application Visibly minimizes appearance ofdark circles 53 47 46 immediately after application Visibly reducesappearance of dark circles 48 41 42 immediately after application*“Light” = Very Light and Light; “Medium” = Light to Medium, Medium andMedium to Dark; “Dark” = Dark and Very Dark

The panelists' responses in Table 16 concern the efficacy of thecomposition after two weeks of use. The responses are organized bypanelists who have light, medium, and dark skin tones.

TABLE 16 (Skin Tone--After Two Weeks of Use) Two Weeks After Use - “%Agree” SKIN TONE* Light Medium Dark % % % Dark Circles Visibly minimizesappearance of dark circles 65 67 79 Improves appearance of dark circles63 71 71 Visibly reduces appearance of dark circles 59 70 71 Diminishesappearance of dark circles 63 63 71 Softens appearance of dark circles72 73 79 Puffiness Softens appearance of undereye puffiness 71 88 82Visibly minimizes appearance of undereye 67 83 73 puffiness Improvesappearance of undereye puffiness 66 79 77 Visibly reduces appearance ofundereye 66 81 68 puffiness Diminishes appearance of undereye puffiness61 77 71 Saggy Skin Softens appearance of undereye sagginess 67 69 76Improves appearance of undereye sagginess 67 65 67 Visibly reducesappearance of undereye 59 62 71 sagginess Visibly minimizes appearanceof undereye 62 60 62 sagginess Diminishes appearance of undereyesagginess 54 58 57 General Appearance Of Eye Area Freshens my eye area89 88 88 Rejuvenates eye area 79 78 75 Leaves eye area with a restedlook 69 76 83 Revitalizes eye area 71 76 71 Leaves eye area lookingyounger 60 74 75 Brightens up eye area 60 72 74 Leaves eye area lookingvibrant 62 65 75 *“Light” = Very Light and Light; “Medium” = Light toMedium, Medium and Medium to Dark; “Dark” = Dark and Very Dark

Example 3

Three ingredients that can be used in the compositions of the presentinvention were tested to determine their effects on melanin productionand tyrosinase activity. The three ingredients were CLERILYS™, AscorbylGlucoside, and UNINONTAN U34™. The materials and methods used to performthese tests and the corresponding data follows.

Materials and Methods: Human melanocytes from a moderately pigmenteddonor were purchased from Cascade Biologics (Portland, Oreg.). Humandermal fibroblasts were purchased from Cambrex (Rockland, Me.). In orderto determine the optimal concentrations of the test materials for thewhitening experiment, these materials were first examined in aproliferation assay with human dermal fibroblasts. The highestnon-interfering concentration was determined for each test material andfurther 5-fold dilutions were made for use in melanocytes cultures.

The following assay was used to the effects of the materials on melaninproduction. Melanocytes were seeded in the fully-supplemented 254 medium(Cascade) in 96 well plates and test materials were added 24h later.Cells were grown for 6 days with one growth medium change. At the end ofthe experiment, cells were lysed with the Cellytic Mammalian CellLysis/Extraction Reagent (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.) and melanin wassolubilized in 2N NaOH. Melanin content was determinedspectrophotometrically at 405 nm and standardized to total proteincontent from the same cultures, using Bradford reagent (Sigma, St.Louis, Mo.). Kojic acid was used as positive control. Cell cultures weremonitored on a Nikon Eclipse inverted microscope.

Tyrosinase activity was measured by the modified Pomerantz method(Biophys Res Commun, 1964). Mushroom Tyrosinase (Sigma #3212816630)stock enzyme was 5 U/well (25 U/ml). The substrate (I-DOPA, FisherScientific, Pittsburgh, Pa.) stock solution was 20 mM. Working solutionwas prepared in PBS for each assay. The reaction mixture consisted of 50μl 20 mM I-DOPA and 10 μl undiluted test sample. Reaction was initiatedby adding tyrosinase. Assays were preformed in 96 well flat-bottommicrotiter plates (Fisher #0720087) and read at 490 nm after 5, 10, and20 min.

Results: The test results of the melanin production and tyrosinaseinhibition assays are summarized in Table 17 below. These resultsconfirm that the tested materials can inhibit melanin production andtyrosinase activity.

TABLE 17 (Melanin Production Assay) Tyrosinase Tyrosinase TyrosinaseMelanin inhibition inhibition inhibition Inhibition assay assay assayTest Material in Cells) Dilution Factor (5 min) (10 min) (20 min) H₂0100%  — 100.0 100.0 100.0 Kojic acid 83% 200 μM 39.0 35.5 33.1CLERILYS ™ 60%   1-100 62.4 45.9 34.3 Ascorbyl Glucoside 75-65.5%   1/25- 1/125 33.8 30.6 30.1 UNINONTAN U34 ™ 60.5%  1/100 9.4 6.5 5.0

All of the compositions and/or methods disclosed and claimed in thisspecification can be made and executed without undue experimentation inlight of the present disclosure. While the compositions and methods ofthis invention have been described in terms of specific embodiments, itwill be apparent to those of skill in the art that variations may beapplied to the compositions and/or methods and in the steps or in thesequence of steps of the method described herein without departing fromthe concept, spirit and scope of the invention. More specifically, itwill be apparent that certain agents which are both chemically andphysiologically related may be substituted for the agents describedherein while the same or similar results would be achieved. All suchsimilar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in theart are deemed to be within the spirit, scope and concept of theinvention as defined by the appended claims.

REFERENCES

The following references, to the extent that they provide exemplaryprocedural or other details supplementary to those set forth herein, arespecifically incorporated herein by reference.

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1-10. (canceled)
 11. A method of reducing skin inflammation ormoisturizing skin, the method comprising topically applying to the skinin need thereof a composition comprising an effective amount of:Magnolia officinalis bark extract; Vitis vinifera seed extract;tocopherol or tocopherol acetate; and lecithin.
 12. The method of claim11, wherein the composition further comprises: water; glycerin; anddimethicone.
 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the composition furthercomprises: glucosamine; sodium hyaluronate; butylene glycol; andjasminum officinale oil.
 14. The method of claim 12, wherein thecomposition further comprises: ethyl linoleate; salicylic acid;lavandula angustifolia oil; and xanthan gum.
 15. The method of claim 11,wherein the lecithin is hydrogenated lecithin.
 16. The method of claim11, wherein the Magnolia officinalis bark extract comprises honokiol.17. The method of claim 11, wherein the composition is applied toinflamed skin.